Migration Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Migration - Assignment Example In other instances, migration is as a result of marriage. Married couples often migrate to convenient locations where they can live happily together and state a family. The emerging migration trends indicate that migration can be influenced by gender as well as sexuality. Gender has a strong relation to social, economic and political factors that might influence the movement of people from one place to another. Gender and its related subjects are some of the most discussed issues globally. Many news magazines, articles and newspapers feather gender as an emerging issue which has influenced the lives of people in so many ways (Pojmann.2006. pg. 17). Migration is one of the phenomena attributed to gender. Researchers as well as the media have been working to discover the reasons that link gender to the migration of people. This document is a review of an article on gender and migration by the International Organization for Migration. Gender in this case is described as the differences between the women and men. The differences between the male and the female gender places a great role in the social, cultural and economic status of a particular geographical location. This influences the settlement and migration of people. In 1980s, migration highly focused on economy. Male migrants played major roles in the economy while female migrants were viewed as passive followers. However this has chang ed with the change of time and women are currently playing an equal role as that of men when it comes to economic issues. The battle for supremacy is the factor that brings inequality to both genders. Men are the dominant species in the business market, thus women have found it difficult to contribute to an equal share of the economy as they are suppressed by the fact that men have taken all control of the job market. This factor has made women to migrate form one geographical

Professional Boundaries in Nursing

Professional Boundaries in Nursing The scope of work of Assistant Medical Officer is very clearly governed by the Board of Medical Assistants which was comes under the preview formed under Malaysian Medical Assistant Act (Act 180), AMO takes the oath of Medical Assistant Code of conduct which serves as an ethical guide map to morally binds steer AMO to its rules and responsibilities. It is therefore the responsibility and morale duty of every Assistant Medical Officer to uphold the medical ethics with professionalism and honor. At no other circumstances AMO are allowed to carry out other work outside the specified prescribed boundaries. However in reality AMO in my clinical set up does lots of duties actually falls under the scope of other professional such as doctor, psychology counselor and dietitian. While it feels good that as an AMO, we can perform many works normally done by other professions however it is not without possible legal implications. Boundaries are an imaginary line that separates the duties of a pa rticular professional from the others. Boundary is the ability to know where one ends and where another person begins. Professional boundaries are important because they define the limits and responsibilities of the professional with whom we interact in the workplace. When workplace boundaries are clearly defined, the organization can function more efficiently because redundant work assignments are eliminated.improve this rational it is because health professional have specilised skills and high quality pt care is a collaboration of skills the optimum benefit of the pt outcome. When everyone in an organization is made aware who is responsible for what, healthier workplace environments are created. Crossing borders No professionalism by AMO No collective power Criss crossing of professional boundaries is the norms of today s chores especially working in Haemodialysis Centre .AMO in Haemodialysis Centre especially in my state is working under a great stress. duress and precarious role. Currently, AMo provide care for 000 dialysis care pt over 19 centre through the state requiring close mentoring and care. In Haemodialysis lots of duties specify critical procedures e.g performed by AMO are not legally sanctioned covered under MA act. These porecedures are carried out on the instructions of Renal specialist who by hirechrichal position of power who acts like Kings control the strings where AMO forced to puppet without questions. Being in this precarious position, AMO professional are extremely vulnerable, as if everything goes well, we will get just get condescending a pat at the back, but when something goes wrong support strings are quickly cut and one get ostracized for breach of professional boundaries. Officers nowadays in Haemodilysis centres are not only to ensure that patients comes for three times dialysis treatment, patients gets adequate dialysis treatment but also to carry out mentorship, the staff as a mentor and the patients as the mentee. Through this the Renal doctors expects nurses and AMO to functions as mini-doctors, i.e the mentor are to know the day to day medical conditions, nutritional conditions, medications and blood parameters of their patients. They are expected to know how to make adjustment to tritrate patients medications and dialysis treatment and also to make referral to renal specialist when necessary as there is no. The ironiny is there is no Renal specialist /doctors through the 18 other rural regionla dialysis centres but a total 12 specilaist conviently stationed in urban hospital in the state`s city. Failure of the mentor to make proper mentorship and care of their patients, the mentor will be scolded admonlished by the doctors and if the mentor dis agree question their role with this ruling, they will be asked to leave of the Haemodialysis Centre. Thus a profession dictated by others without voice of empowerment over a long term cannot mature professionally (RRRRR) and it is for this reason that I have chosen this topic to explore and expose the various flaw, the impact and the possible remedy to our health care system. Lain lain u buat sendirilah Nowadays the public or consumers are more knowledgeable, educated and know their rights, medical knowledge can now be easily accessed right at the comforts of their home via internet and as a results any wrong practices will be subject the AMO and nurses to litigations. It is therefore no surprising that patients are more knowledgeable, than the nurses. As a result they have a higher expectation to receive a good quality of health care and thus push the AMO and Nurses to a stressful situation. Although the AMO and Nurses are capable performing the job but with thoughts of professionalism hanging on their heads they feel that patients are not getting the best professional treatment. Though AMO tried everything possible in order to meet the demand of the patient, but sometime patient are not satisfied as they prefer doctors to AMO/Nurses in terms of prescribing medications and blood test and hence AMO and nurses continue to be yelled. (Vondras et al, 2004).These things make the AMO fee l uneasy as at one point they want to be obedient subordinates but at the same time feel that unprofessionalism is practice. And so the AMO/Nurses works about like headless chicken doing their work without much thinking. I feel that Innocent Nurses and AMO are the most vulnerable groups in the medical professions as they can be force by their superior to carry out jobs which is not in their list of jobs descriptions .However in the last line of the list of jobs descriptions, it states that, to carry out orders or instructions as ordered by a higher authority from time to time . I personally feel that this statement has been long abused by higher authorities such as doctors as this controversial statement is deemed to be a license for doctors and higher authorities to compel the nurses and Assistant Medical Officer to carry out clinical or non clinical activities. Somehow the order of carrying out a mini-doctors job which is a vertical substitution with controversial permissions, are reluctantly carried out by the Nurses and AMO because of the unavailability of Renal specialized doctors and moreover if they dont do the job then the patient will suffer and may even cost the patient life. The mentors wh ich is working under stressed however carry out their jobs minus their heart and with frustrations and they may eventually burnt out, Curci, Linda. (2004) Therefore the Associations of Dialysis for Medical Assistant and Nurses (ADMAN) must stand up and issue a strong collective voice to protects the AMO/Nurses from this continuous exploitations. .However the more important questions is, are the nurses or AMO adequately protected from the law when carrying out certain task which may be a risky procedure and may have a medico-legal implications? The Medical Assistant Board has underline codes of Ethics and professional conduct of AMO which must be observed by all Assistant Medical Officer As not all AMO task are specified, I wonder if the ministry of health will go all the way to protect her staff in the case of law suits. The experience faced by AMO and Nurses is therefore akin to force labor. This abuse is therefore professionally wrong as it lays the major platform of destroying the medical support industry. As a protective strategy in the medical profession, doctors have given the nurses low regard therefore making them to have low self esteem towards their profession and assume subordinate perspectives (Fritz, 2008, p. 82) However jobs which are not listed in the main AMO jobs descriptions are Credentialed and privileged. It is therefore important that all terms and conditions of the process of credentialing and privileging must be observed and documented in order to comply the requirement of credentialing and privileging. How To Document on Credentialing and Privileging Applications. Available at : http://www.ashp.org/s_ashp/docs/files/SCSS_HowtoCredPrivdoc.pdf accessed 30 September 2010 . While credentialing is the process of obtaining, verifying and assessing the qualifications of a healthcare practitioner and to provide patient care services privileging is the process used to identify, document, and approve the specific procedures and treatments that may be performed in a specific setting. Privileges are granted based on the findings of the credentialing function and should only be granted for services that are currently offered by the hospital. Available at : http://knol.google.com/k/kathy-matzka/credentialing-and-privileging/3ep8m4hgro5l7/1# accessed 30 September 2010. The noble mission of ministry of health Malaysia is to lead and inspire through excellence in medical device regulatory system., to influence change and forge partnership that ensure public health and safety, to ensure that only high quality, effective and safe medical devices are available in Malaysia, to encourage and support the innovation and development of technology in medical device industry.( Medical Device Bureau Ministry of Health, Malaysia ). And in Nursing, professional boundaries simply means to establish the immediate legislations and requirements that differentiate the nurses and doctors scope of works (Ruth Constance ,2008, p. 39). Nursing profession is born out of ethics and desire to ensure that high levels of purity and integrity of life is observed (Barbara Lynn, 2008, p. 109). When there is lack of clear definition of specific boundaries in terms of specialization, the doctors are considered to have more impact in treatment of the patients than the nurses (Anne, 2008, p. 277). Nurses are not allowed to challenge any of the surgeons decisions but just to follow instructions as the surgeons finish the patients operations within short periods and then leave the nurses to carry out nursing care of the patient (Fritz, 2008, p. 82). Besides being a clear generalization, assumption, deliberate or unintentional underrating of the nurses profession, it is a clear indicator of torn delineations that lacks clear outlining for harmonious operations (Bessie Huston, 2008, pp. 752-753).Nurses are therefore required to assume their major activities when they are away irrespective of the main reason (Ruth Constance, 2008, p. 40). With lack of proper institution for defining the boundaries, the nurses are consumed in their calm built nature of service towards humanity (Colyer, 2004, pp. 408-104) .Using strong legislative framework and policy guidelines, nursing should be guarded like other professions and define the required relationship with the doctors in their areas of work (Bridgit, 2008, p. 569). When there is a criss crossings violations by doctor intrusions they allow do but wont empower you. Surface icing doctors may need AMO/Nurses helps but in reality they dont allow the AMO/Nurses to practice outside making the AMO/Nurses only the tool of convenience .However If everybody wants their own border of practice, everything have to wait for the doctors thereby causing a mark increase of public complaints. Therefore care should now be multi-taskings and coordinating care . Why I do cross boundaries, I do for the following reasons :- Because I am facing the patients If I dont do the public will complaints Critical to do patient will do Sometimes expatriate doctor with questionable qualifications patients may die but if my mother or relatives I want them to do it correctly. What happen if I do then Patient recovered really well I will save reputations of the my hospital Pat on the back from the doctor however it not done openly However patient will not be happy . But what happen if there is a complications when I do it then I will be Trying to be smart Trying to be a doctor Model for crossings borders Counsellings deepressed patients suicidal Anne, M. (2008) Advanced Practice Nursing: Essential Knowledge for the Profession. New Jersey: Jones Bartlett Publishers Barbara, M. Lynn, K. (2008) Holistic Nursing: A Handbook for Practice. New Jersey: Jones Bartlett Publishers. Credentialing and Privileging? Available at : http://www.ashp.org/s_ashp/docs/files/SCSS_HowtoCredPrivdoc.pdf accessed 30 September 2010 Colyer, H. M .(2004) The Construction and Development of Health Professionals: where will it end?, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 48 (4), pp. 406-412. Fritz, A. (2008) Physicians at War: The Dual-Loyalties Challenge. Miami: Springer Publishing Press. How To Document on Credentialing and Privileging Applications. Available at : http://www.ashp.org/s_ashp/docs/files/SCSS_HowtoCredPrivdoc.pdf accessed 30 September 2010 Medical Device Bureau Ministry of Health, Malaysia http://www.mdb.gov.my/mdb/index.php?option=com_contenttask=viewid=62Itemid=113 Ruth, F. Constance, J. (2008) Fundamentals of Nursing: Human Health and Function. San Francisco: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Curci, Linda. (2004). Burnout. http://www.counseling.caltech.edu/articles/burnout.html. Life Positive. 2000. Stress at workplace. http://www.lifepositive.com/Mind/psychology/stress/stress-at- work.asp#causesofworkplacestress

The play A View from the Bridge is set in the 1940’s in a place called :: English Literature

The play A View from the Bridge is set in the 1940’s in a place called Red Hook in America. Arthur Miller is the writer of this play ‘A View from the Bridge’ The play ‘A View from the Bridge’ is set in the 1940’s in a place called Red Hook in America. Arthur Miller is the writer of this play and he has been quoted as saying that this play is based on a lot of his own personal experiences. The culture of Red Hook is a mixture of the newly formed American culture and the Sicilian culture, which has come through immigrants being brought here from Sicily. The main characters in the play are Eddie Carbone, who is a long shoreman, his wife Beatrice, their niece Catherine who is adopted, and there are Beatrice’s two cousins, called Marco and Rodolfo, who are illegal immigrants from Sicily, looking for work in America. Beatrice and Eddie are both American citizens, and were born in America, but their grandparents were from Sicily. Catherine has been raised and brought up by Beatrice and Eddie since she was a young child and Eddie has grown attached to her and is very protective of her due to his incestuous attraction to her. Alfieri is a lawyer from an Italian American background and has lived in Red Hook since he was 25. Alfieri has a dual role in the play. He speaks directly to the audience and he reminds the audience of things that have happened in the play, plus he is also a character involved in the action of the play. Alfieri introduces the themes that run through the play. In Alfieri’s opening speech he uses the words â€Å"watched it run its bloody course† as if he knows something bad is going to take place in the play, a tragedy. Alfieri also points out that there is a difference between the modern American law and the ancient law of the Sicilian justice because â€Å"the law has not been a good idea since the Greeks were beaten† and the â€Å"justice is very important here†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  these quotes are showing how the people are connected to Sicilians from their past. It is important for Alfieri to be a character as well as the narrator in the play because as the narrator he comes in to speak directly to the audience and keep us interested in what is happening. As a character in the play, he is important because he talks to Eddie and tries to help him, because he understands him. He gives the audience insights into Eddie’s character. The play A View from the Bridge is set in the 1940’s in a place called :: English Literature The play A View from the Bridge is set in the 1940’s in a place called Red Hook in America. Arthur Miller is the writer of this play ‘A View from the Bridge’ The play ‘A View from the Bridge’ is set in the 1940’s in a place called Red Hook in America. Arthur Miller is the writer of this play and he has been quoted as saying that this play is based on a lot of his own personal experiences. The culture of Red Hook is a mixture of the newly formed American culture and the Sicilian culture, which has come through immigrants being brought here from Sicily. The main characters in the play are Eddie Carbone, who is a long shoreman, his wife Beatrice, their niece Catherine who is adopted, and there are Beatrice’s two cousins, called Marco and Rodolfo, who are illegal immigrants from Sicily, looking for work in America. Beatrice and Eddie are both American citizens, and were born in America, but their grandparents were from Sicily. Catherine has been raised and brought up by Beatrice and Eddie since she was a young child and Eddie has grown attached to her and is very protective of her due to his incestuous attraction to her. Alfieri is a lawyer from an Italian American background and has lived in Red Hook since he was 25. Alfieri has a dual role in the play. He speaks directly to the audience and he reminds the audience of things that have happened in the play, plus he is also a character involved in the action of the play. Alfieri introduces the themes that run through the play. In Alfieri’s opening speech he uses the words â€Å"watched it run its bloody course† as if he knows something bad is going to take place in the play, a tragedy. Alfieri also points out that there is a difference between the modern American law and the ancient law of the Sicilian justice because â€Å"the law has not been a good idea since the Greeks were beaten† and the â€Å"justice is very important here†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  these quotes are showing how the people are connected to Sicilians from their past. It is important for Alfieri to be a character as well as the narrator in the play because as the narrator he comes in to speak directly to the audience and keep us interested in what is happening. As a character in the play, he is important because he talks to Eddie and tries to help him, because he understands him. He gives the audience insights into Eddie’s character.

Class Inequality and Poverty as seen by Marx, Weber, and Lewis Essay

Our society today is currently experiencing a widening of the gap between the rich and the poor. As the saying goes, â€Å"the rich is getting richer and the poor is getting poorer,† our society attests to such truth, where the wealthy is gaining more money while the poor’s case is getting worse by the minute. Poverty is a big problem ever since the dawn of man. In an ideal world, the number of resources produced could feed more than any of the hungry mouths all over the world. But in reality, wealth is not distributed properly to every living individual. There are those who get more as compared to those who get less or get nothing at all. The sad reality If you take into consideration every living individual in a certain community, only a small fraction of its population enjoy living a well-off life, and a majority suffer from lack of resources or doesn’t have enough to fill their stomachs. A fraction of imbalance in the distribution of resources and wealth affects a greater number of people, wherein the sad reality lies on whom are the ones getting much and who are the ones gaining a lot. This is the sad reality in our society, where people thrive in a world filled with inequality and sadly, majority of the people suffer from the extra gains of some people. Class inequality can be traced way back in the history of men, when people learned to classify themselves, making some superior and some, well, rather inferior. Another sad reality is that the ones who are in the higher echelons of the society are the ones who are not doing actual hard labor. These people are the one’s capitalizing from the hard work of the poor working class, sweating their lungs out, literally giving their sweat and blood just to make money. This labor force is the one who is actually earning the money; it is their effort and strength that makes the real cash, not the ones bossing them around. But the harshness of life is reflected in this situation: the ones working hard gets paid less, barely enough to make a living out of it, while the ones bossing everyone around gets a much bigger share, wherein they have exerted minimal or no real effort in doing so. This is the present situation of the working class of the past, the present, and maybe of the future. There are some great thinkers who have pondered on these things so to speak. This people, though separated by different views, expressed their opinions about how inequalities in the classes happen and why poverty exists, depending on how they see the situation. Their take on the realities are reciprocated by approval or by rejection from the people looking at their ideas. Some may seem radical to others, but some deem that is the necessary thought for that certain specific topic. These great thinkers include Karl Marx, Max Weber and Oscar Lewis. Karl Marx’ views For Karl Marx, poverty is the outcome of the rampant class inequality that the society is suffering today. The working class, whom Karl Marx advocates, is the ones who are actually earning the money for the society. They are the ones who actually deserve to get much of the gains, rather those who are capitalizing from their labor. Marx stressed that capitalists are the ones bringing disarray in the society because they are actually contributing lesser work as compared to the laborers, yet they are getting most of the gains. In order to correct this, Marx strongly advocated the abolishing of capitalism and replaces it with communism. For him, it could be a way to alleviate poverty in the society today, rather than just letting the capitalists sit around and wait for the harvest of their money’s fruit, rather than giving the laborers the real fruits of their labors. In Marx’ belief, capitalism has been the root of the great class divide, the widening gap between different social strata, where the poor and the rich are distinctively apart from each other. This is because of the fact that a great part of the gains goes to the pockets and the bellies of the capitalists, who are theoretically â€Å"getting even richer,† the fact that they are the ones who have the money. On the other hand, the laborers, the ones who are exerting greater effort as compared to these capitalists, are not getting anywhere the definition of rich at all, hence, they are having the difficulty to cope with the increasing cost of living, thus worsening their status, with them experiencing the â€Å"poor is getting poorer† part (Hallas, 2002). Looking closely at Marx’ ideas, you could see that it could also be about freedom. It is being able to freely produce and receive what is rightfully yours, as for the part of the laborers, for their efforts, their hard work to be reciprocated with enough pay. It is about how the true â€Å"money-earners† – the laborers, be able to control various circumstances that could benefit them, and not the capitalists. They will be able to create a free society where their hard work will be equal to a good life for them and their families. Because of this, the society will be a better place as conceived by Marx. It will be an exploitation-free society, in the same time it will do away with oppression, racism, unemployment, war, from poverty and inequality. Max Weber’s views Max Weber’s idea revolved on the role of an authority when it comes to the distribution and allocation of the national resources. He also stressed out that the wealth of the country, the nation’s riches, came from the bureaucratic organizations present. They are clearly the ones influencing the allocation of these resources because as Weber sees it, they were the producers, not the common working class. His main idea stated that bureaucracy, an organizational arrangement of the people themselves, is to administration as compared to machine which is for production. Weber defines bureaucracy as an institutional method wherein the rules are applied to certain specific cases, thus justifying the government’s action as being fair and really predictable (â€Å"What Is Bureaucracy?† 2004). For Weber, poverty was not essentially a natural situation or condition. The situation of poverty could be broken, wherein the social status of the people could be alleviated from the poor to the not-so-poor, thus implying a chance for people to develop. But if you see the definition of poverty as being relative, there could still be people thriving below the poverty line. This is because of the margin of difference from the rich and the poor are also changing. But if you look closely, their way of life, their social standings, their lifestyles had been changed. Even though they are still considered to be poor, relative to the rich people, they are able to alleviate their way of life out of the slums and were able to live a normal and healthy lifestyle. Oscar Lewis’ views American born anthropologist Oscar Lewis created the social theory about the â€Å"culture of poverty.† This concept of social classifications justify the positioning of the poor in the society, wherein the concept explains that the poor people have a different value system. Because of this, the theory suggests that the poor are slumped in the situation of poverty because they are continually adapting from the burdens of poverty. For Lewis, the poor became â€Å"the poor† because they were transformed by poverty. Poverty became a standard in classifying a person’s social status, thus implying that the definition of being poor is relative. It depends on how you look at it. Being poor doesn’t necessarily mean that you are not eating well, not being able to enjoy life as much as others can, etc. etc. Being poor entail being placed in the lower part of the poverty line. If there are a lot of rich people, the poverty line could be changed, thus some of the rich people may be considered as poor (Burt, 2004). American situation The most applicable principle in the United States of America was the contribution of Oscar Lewis. The quality of life in America is far better than other countries in the world, yet there are still some poor people. This is relative to America’s situation as compared to the situation of another country. There is a possibility that a rich person in another country, when he goes to America, he will be considered poor. Another possibility could be that when a poor man in America goes to another country, he could be considered as rich. Lewis’ introduction of a culture of poverty could be applied in America’s situation, wherein the concept of the poor is just a creation of the concept of poverty. Creating an underclass could have resulted to the introduction of a higher class, thus there was a basis for comparison of the different classes that exist in a society. The poor existed because of the rich people’s existence and vice versa. Burt, D. S. (2004). Oscar Lewis. Retrieved February 21, 2007, from http://www.answers.com/topic/lewis-oscar Hallas, D. (2002). The legacy of Karl Marx. Retrieved February 21, 2007, from http://www.socialistworker.org/2002-2/423/423_08_HallasOnMarx.shtml What Is Bureaucracy? (2004). Retrieved February 21, 2007, from http://www.semp.us/biots/biot_145.html

Rifleman Dodd

Rifleman Dodd is a book that was given to me by my combat instructors during School of Infantry. I have intended to read the book, but lost it just before my arrival to 3rd Battalion, 5th Marines. I recently found a copy of the book and decided to read it. The book is about Pvt. Dodd, a British infantry rifleman in the Napoleonic Wars. During this time period rifles were a novelty and most of the army wore red-coats and carried muskets.The book is fairly short, however it's also very action packed. There is a lot of brutality and death in the book, however that is part of what makes the book a very good reed; it depicts war very realistically, and does not glorify it. One interesting aspect I enjoyed about this book is that it depicts all the same events twice, alternating points of view between Dodd, and a group of french soldiers led by sgt. Godinot, giving you more than one perspective on Dodd's struggles.It's a remarkable tale of survival and individual actions, of a regular rifl eman who survives because of sheer determination and slowly learns to make plans without orders, and shows leadership qualities and a knowledge of warfare. Private Matthew Dodd is separated from his regiment during a retreat and finds himself stranded behind enemy lines in Portugal. Dodd manages to survive throughout the book on his willpower, determination, and also with the occasional aid of a group of Portuguese guerilla fighters.Dodd harasses the French with his rifle while trying to prevent them from building a bridge across the Tagus River. The book depicts a war of attrition in which starvation is the chief weapon. The two sides must out last each other in order to achieve victory. Throughout the book Dodd kills all of Godinot's men one by one during his struggle to survive and return to his regiment. Godinot is not the only soldier who must pick himself up and move on after witnessing the death of his friends.The first acquaintance Dodd makes is a man who was slightly off ki lter and who follows him like a puppy dog. However due to the exertion of a long march, freezing cold weather, being wet, and starvation, he catches a fever and Dodd is forced to make the decision to leave him in his delirium to die alone on a hillside. Later, an entire village of Portuguese guerilla fighters who join him are slaughtered by the French down to the last man, woman, and child. Additionally his last two friends, including the one that was with him through most of the novel, are hanged before his eyes.Similarly, Godinot loses one soldier after another until his entire squad is killed. Ultimately proving that Dodd succeeds largely due to sheer will and determination. In conclusion I found the book really enjoyable and a very good read. This book is provides good examples of individual actions and quick thinking skills that are needed to thrive in hard situations and desperation. I would recommend this book to other Lance Corporals because it has a lot of lessons regarding taking initiative and showing good judgment in the face of adversity. Rifleman Dodd Rifleman Dodd is a fiction war story based during the peninsular war around 1810 and Published in 1932. The main Protagonist of this book is a rifleman that goes by the name of Matthew Dodd. He served in the 95th Rifles for the English; underneath the command of Duke Wellington. At the beginning of the book, A battle starts, and amidst the chaos Dodd becomes lost and separated behind French lines. The Duke of Wellington calls for a retreat, leaving Dodd to fend for himself. Dodd is a very tall, bulky rifleman. Dodd is a very inspirational and very courageous soldier. Despite being alone and surrounded, he faces many challenges, battles and skirmishes throughout this book. Due to the devastation of war, Dodd struggles with the daily challenge of starvation, and lack of shelter often being forced to freeze during rainy nights.Another character in this book is Sergeant Godinot, he is the main antagonist of the book. At the beginning battle, Dodd and Godinot are almost face to face durin g the battle, and Godinot and his squad are the ones who chase Dodd away from the retreating English forces and into French territory. Sergeant Godinot and his squad were undisciplined and more mercenary like. Throughout this book Dodd ambushes Godinot and his squad multiple times, and slowly picks them off one by one and disappear into the countryside.The vast majority of this books plot is spent following either Dodd, or Godinot. Each character is depicted as a protagonist, or antagonist depending on which of the two is being followed. Whenever Dodd is being followed, the story tells of the struggle that he is stuck going through, having to starve and only having a biscuit and jerky in his rucksack: or having to march on while his boots are completely destroyed and he is stuck walking barefoot.When the story follows Godinot and his squad, they are always on the tail of Dodd, or ambushed by him. When it first starts off his squad is very eager to hunt him down, but later in the boo k. Everywhere they go Dodd winds up ambushing and killing a few of them. As a result Godinot is on a blood feud to find and kill this â€Å"English Ghost† that has  been haunting them.As Dodd travels through the occupied Portuguese country, he meets members of the Portuguese rebels. One of his first encounters is a young Portuguese soldier, who speaks English. As a result Dodd decides to keep him around as a translator, and navigator through Portugal to English lines.